Formalidades del derecho de autor en la era de internet: filtros de protección o facilitadores de licenciamiento

Autores/as

  • Stef Van Gompel, Dr. University of Amsterdam - Institute for Information Law (IViR)

Resumen

El autor se refiere a los objetivos que inspirarían la reinstauración de formalidades de derechos de autor, señalando dos objetivos específicos, el de facilitar la adquisición de derechos de autor y el de mejorar el flujo de información al aumentar el dominio público. Ambos ayudarían a alcanzar el objetivo general de crear certeza legal sobre la autoría, dominio y términos de protección de las obras. Determinados estos objetivos el autor examina de qué forma y qué tipo de formalidades, a la luz de las exigencias del Convenio de Berna, podrían ayudar a alcanzar dichos objetivos. Concluye que actualmente solo podrían ser introducidas formalidades con el propósito de facilitar la adquisición de derechos, salvo que la prohibición de formalidades del Convenio de Berna sea cambiada.

Palabras clave:

Convenio de Berna, derechos de autor, dominio público, formalidades

Biografía del autor/a

Stef Van Gompel, Dr., University of Amsterdam - Institute for Information Law (IViR)

Stef van Gompel es investigador en Jefe en el Instituto de Derecho Informático (Instituut voor Informatierecht «IViR») de la Universidad de Ámsterdam.

Referencias

Ad Hoc Working Group (1986). «Final Report of the Ad Hoc Working Group on US Adherence to the Berne Convention». Columbia-VLA Journal of Law and the Arts, 10: 513-574.

Angelopoulos, Christina (2012), «The Myth of European Term Harmonisation: 27 Public Domains for the 27 Member States», International Review of Intellectual Property and Competition Law, 43 (5): 567-594.

Austin, Graeme (2005). «Symposium: Metamorphosis of Artists’ Rights in the Digital Age: Keynote Address». Columbia Journal of Law and the Arts, 28 (4): 39-418.

Burk, Dan y Julie Cohen (2001). «Fair Use Infrastructure for Rights Management Systems». Harvard Journal of Law & Technology, 15 (19): 41-83. Disponible en <http://ssrn.com/abstract=1007079>.

Carroll, Michael (2007). «Creative Commons as Conversational Copyright». En Peter K. Yu (ed.), Intellectual Property and Information Wealth: Issues and Practices in The Digital Age (pp. 445-461). Londres: Praeger.

Carroll, Michael (2013). «A Realist Approach to Copyright Law’s Formalities». Berkeley Technology Law Journal, 28 (3): 1511-1536. Disponible en <http://btlj.org/data/articles2015/vol28/28_3_S/28-berkeley-tech-l-j-1511-1536.pdf>.

Chalmers Hoynck Van Papendrecht, Roderick, Stef van Gompel, Martin Hemmer, Laurens Kamp, Wouter Pors, Francis van Velsen y Dirk Visser (2013). Q235: Term of Copyright Protection. Disponible en <http://www.aippi.nl/nl/documents/Q235_ReportofDutchGroup_final.pdf>.

Comité des Sages (2011). The New Renaissance: Report of the Comité des Sages. Disponible <https://ec.europa.eu/digital-agenda/sites/digital-agenda/files/final_report_cds_0.pdf>.

Committee on Development and Intellectual Property WIPO (CDIP) (2012). «Scenarios and Possible Options Concerning Recommendations 1c, 1f and 2a of the Scoping Study on Copyright and Related Rights and the Public Domain». Novena sesión, 7 al 11 de mayo, 2012. Ginebra: OMPI. Disponible en <http://www.wipo.int/edocs/mdocs/mdocs/en/cdip_9/cdip_9_inf_2_rev.pdf>.

Denicola, Robert (2005). «Fair’s Fair: An Argument for Mandatory Disclosure of Technological Protection Measures». Michigan Telecommunications and Technology Law Review, 11 (1): 1-22. Disponible en <http://ssrn.com/abstract=2448353>.

Dierickx, Barbara y Dimitrios Tsolis (2009). Overview Of Collective Licensing Models And Of Drm Systems And Technologies Used For IPR Protection And Management. ATHENA-Project. Disponible en <http://www.athenaeurope.org/getFile.php?id=665>.

Dusollier, Séverine (2009). «(Re)introducing Formalities in Copyright as a Strategy for the Public Domain». En Lucie Guibault y Christina Angelopoulos (eds.), Open Content Licensing: From Theory To Practice. Amsterdam: University Press. Disponible en <http://ssrn.com/abstract=2127733>.

Elkin-Koren, Niva (2013). Panel Discussion on Rethinking Formalities in a Digital Ecosystem at the Berkeley Symposium: Reform(aliz)ing Copyright for the Internet Age, 18 de abril de 2013. Disponible en <http://media.law.berkeley.edu/qtmedia/BCLT/2013copyright/Session2.mp3>.

Fagundes, David (2009). «Crystals in the Public Domain». Boston College Law Review, 50: 139-195. Disponible en <https://www.bc.edu/content/dam/files/schools/law/bclawreview/pdf/50_1/04_fagundes.pdf>.

Fagundes, David y Jonathan Masur (2012). «Costly Intellectual Property». Vanderbilt Law Review, 65 (3): 677-734. Disponible en <http://ssrn.com/abstract=1441987>.

Ficsor, Mihály (2003). Guide To The Copyright And Related Rights Treaties Administered By Wipo And Glossary Of Copyright And Related Rights Terms. Ginebra: Organización Mundial de Propiedad Intelectual.

Friedman, Gary (1993) «The Trustworthy Digital Camera: Restoring Credibility to the Photographic Image». IEEE Transactions on Consumer Electronics, 39 (4): 905-910.

Gervais, Daniel y Dashiell Renaud (2013). «The Future of United States Copyright Formalities: Why We Should Prioritize Recordation, and How to Do It». Berkeley Technology Law Journal, 28 (3): 13-40.

Gibson, James (2005). «Once and Future Copyright». Notre Dame Law Review, 81: 167-241. Disponible en <http://ssrn.com/abstract=740486>.

Ginsburg, Jane (2008). «Recent Developments in US Copyright Law: Part I. «Orphan» Works». Revue Internationale du Droit d’Auteur, 8. Disponible en <http://ssrn.com/abstract=1263361>.

Ginsburg, Jane (2010). «The U.S. Experience with Mandatory Copyright Formalities: A Love/Hate Relationship». Columbia Journal of Law and the Arts, 33 (4): 311-348. Disponible en <http://ssrn.com/abstract=1537247>.

Ginsburg, Jane (2013). «With Untired Spirits and Formal Constancy»: Berne-Compatibility of Formal Declaratory Measures to Enhance Title-Searching. Berkeley Technology Law Journal, 28 (3): 1583-1622. Disponible en <http://btlj.org/data/articles2015/vol28/28_3_S/28-berkeley-tech-l-j-1583-1622.pdf>.

Ginsburg, Jane y John Kernochan (1988). «One Hundred and Two Years Later: The U.S. Joins the Berne Convention». Columbia-VLA Journal of Law and the Arts, 13: 1-38.

Goldman, Kevin (2006). «Limited Times: Rethinking the Bounds of Copyright Protection». University of Pennsylvania Law Review, 152 (3): 705-740. Disponible en <http://scholarship.law.upenn.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1379&context=penn_law_review>.

Goldsmith, Beth y Frances Knudson (2006). «Repository Librarian and the Next Crusade: The Search for a Common Standard for Digital Repository Metadata». D-Lib Magazine, 12 (9). Disponible en <http://www.dlib.org/dlib/september06/goldsmith/09goldsmith.html>.

Goldstein, Paul y Bernt Hugenholtz (2013). International Copyright: Principles, Law, and Practice. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Greenberg, Brad (2012). «More than Just a Formality: Instant Authorship and Copyright’s Opt-Out Future in the Digital Age». University of California Law Review, 59: 1028-1074. Disponible en <http://ssrn.com/abstract=1942735>.

Guibault, Lucie (2010). «Why Cherry Picking Never Leads to Harmonisation: The Case of the Limitations on Copyright under Directive 2001/29/EC». Journal of Intellectual Property, Information Technology and Electronic Commerce Law, 1 (2): 55-66. Disponible en <http://www.jipitec.eu/issues/jipitec-1-2-2010/2603/JIPITEC%202%20-%20Guibault-Cherrypicking.pdf.pdf>.

Hargreaves, Ian (2011). Digital Opportunity: A Review Of Intellectual Property And Growth. Informe independiente. Disponible en <http://www.ipo.gov.uk/ipreview-finalreport.pdf>.

Hooper, Richard (2012). Rights And Wrongs: Is Copyright Licensing Fit For Purpose For The Digital Age? London: Intellectual Property Office. Disponible en <http://www.copyrighthub.co.uk/Documents/dce-report-phase1.aspx>.

Hooper, Richard y Ros Lynch (2012). Copyright Works: Streamlining Copyright Licensing For The Digital Age. London: Intellectual Property Office. Disponible en <http://www.copyrighthub.co.uk/Documents/dce-report-phase2.aspx>.

Hudson, Emily y Robert Burrell (2011). «Abandonment, Copyright and Orphaned Works: What Does it Mean to Take the Proprietary Nature of Intellectual Property Rights Seriously?». Melbourne Univeristy Law Review, 35 (3): 971-1004. Disponible en <http://ssrn.com/abstract=2167543>.

Hugenholtz, Bernt, Mireille van Eechoud, Stef van Gompel, Lucie Guibault, Natali Helberger, Mara Rossini, Lennert Steijger, Nicole Dufft y Philipp Bohn (2012). The Recasting of Copyright & Related Rights for the Knowledge Economy: Final Report, Amsterdam: Institute for Information Law. Disponible en <http://ssrn.com/abstract=2018238>.

Intellectual Property Office (2009). The Way Ahead: A Copyright Strategy for the Digital Age. Disponible en <http://webarchive.nationalarchives.gov.uk/20140603093549/http://www.ipo.gov.uk/c-strategy-digitalage.pdf>.

Jessop, Paul (2013). Panel of Discussion on Technologies of Registries at the Berkeley Symposium Reform(aliz)ing Copyright for the Internet Age, 19 de abril de 2013. Disponible en <http://media.law.berkeley.edu/qtmedia/BCLT/2013copyright/Session6.mp3>.

Jlussi, Dennis (2010). «Hard Court Heroes, annotations to Bundesgerichtshof, Case I ZR 60/09, Judgement of 28 October 2010 («Hartplatzhelden»)». Journal of Intellectual Property, Information Technology and Electronic Commerce Law, 2 (3): 250-256. Disponible en <http://www.jipitec.eu/issues/jipitec-2-3-2011/3179/jlussi.pdf>.

King, Donald, Robert Wiederkehr y Mary Yates (1986). Cost-Benefit Analysis Of U.S. Copyright Formalities. Maryland: King Researchs.

Kreiss, Robert (1993). «Abandoning Copyrights to Try to Cut Off Termination Rights». Missouri Law Review, 58 (1): 85-128. Disponible en <http://scholarship.law.missouri.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=3133&context=mlr>.

Kuhne, Cecil (2004). «The Steadily Shrinking Public Domain: Inefficiencies of Existing Copyright Law in the Modern Technology Age». Loyola Law Review, 50: 549-562.

Ladas, Stephen (1938). The International Protection of Literary and Artistic Property. New York: The Macmillan Co.

Laddie, Sir Hugh (1997). «Copyright: Over-Strength, Over-Regulated, Over-Rated?». En publicación especial Innovation, Incentive And Reward: Intellectual Property Law And Policy, Hume Papers on Public Policy, 5 (3). Edinburgh: University Press.

Landes, William y Richard Posner (2003a). «Indefinitely Renewable Copyright». University of Chicago Law Review, 70 (2): 471-518. Disponible en <http://chicagounbound.uchicago.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=2550&context=journal_articles>.

Landes, William y Richard Posner (2003b). The Economic Structure Of Intellectual Property Law. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.

Lee, Edward (2012) «Copyright, Death, and Taxes». Wake Forest Law Review, 47 (1): 1-43. Disponible en <http://ssrn.com/abstract=1940109>.

Lessig, Lawrence (2001). The Future of Ideas: The Fate of the Commons in a Connected World. Nueva York: Random House.

Lessig, Lawrence (2004). Free Culture: How Big Media Uses Technology and the Law to Lock down Culture and Control Creativity. Nueva York: Penguin Press.

Lessig, Lawrence (2008). Remix: Making Art and Commerce Thrive in the Hybrid Economy. Nueva York: Penguin.

Leveque, Francois y Yann Ménière (2004). The Economics of Patents and Copyright. Berkeley Electronic Press. Disponible en <http://ssrn.com/abstract=642622>.

Masouyé, Claude (1978). Guide To The Berne Convention For The Protection Of Literary And Artistic Works (Paris Act, 1971). Ginebra: OMPI. Disponible en <http://www.wipo.int/edocs/pubdocs/en/copyright/615/wipo_pub_615.pdf>.

Nordemann, Wilhelm, Kai Vinck, Paul Hertin y Gerald Meyer (1990). International Copyright And Neighboring Rights Law: Commentary With Special Emphasis On The European Community, Weinheim: Wiley-VCH.

Pallante, Maria (2013a). «The Curious Case of Copyright Formalities». Berkeley Technology Law Journal, 28 (3): 1415-1622.

Pallante, Maria (2013b). «The Next Great Copyright Act». Columbia Journal of Law and the Arts, 36 (3): 315-344. Disponible en <http://copyright.gov/docs/next_great_copyright_act.pdf>.

Patry, William (2011). How To Fix Copyright. Nueva York: Oxford University Press.

Reinbothe, Jörg y Silke von Lewinski (2002). The Wipo Treaties 1996. Butterworks Lexis Nexis.

Ricketson, Sam y Jane Ginsburg (2006). International Copyright and Neighbouring Rights: The Berne Convention and Beyond. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

Ricolfi, Marco (2012) «Consume and Share: Making Copyright Fit for the Digital Agenda». En Melanie Dulong de Rosnay y Juan Carlos de Martin (eds.), The Digital Public Domain: Foundations For An Open Culture. Cambridge: Open Book Publishers. Disponible en <http://www.openbookpublishers.com/product/93>.

Ricolfi, Marco y otros (2011). Survey of private copyright documentation systems and practices. Disponible en <http://bit.ly/1CMqOdr>>

Rosloff, Genevieve (2009). «‘Some Rights Reserved’: Finding the Space between All Rights Reserved and the Public Domain». Columbia Journal of Law & the Arts, 33 (1): 37-80. Disponible en <http://ssrn.com/abstract=1437762>.

Samuelson, Pamela (2007). «Preliminary Thoughts on Copyright Reform». Utah Law Review, (3): 551-572. Disponible en <http://ssrn.com/abstract=1002676>.

Samuelson, Pamela (2010). «The Copyright Principles Project: Directions for Reform». Berkeley Technology Law Journal, 25: 1175-1246. Disponible en <http://ssrn.com/abstract=1851857>.

Samuelson, Pamela y Tara Wheatland (2009). «Statutory Damages in Copyright Law: A Remedy in Need of Reform». William and Mary Law Review, 51 (2): 439-511. Disponible en <http://scholarship.law.wm.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1011&context=wmlr>.

Skladany, Martin (2012). «Unchaining Richelieu’s Monster: A Tiered Revenue-Based Copyright Regime». Stanford Technology Law Review, 16 (1): 131-158. Disponible en <https://journals.law.stanford.edu/sites/default/files/stanford-technology-law-review/online/richelieusmonster.pdf>.

Sprigman, Christopher (2004). «Reform(aliz)ing Copyright». Stanford Law Review, 57: 485-568. Disponible en <http://ssrn.com/abstract=578502>.

Sullivan, Patrick (2013). Panel Discussion on Rights Flow by Google at the Berkeley Symposium: Reform(aliz)ing Copyright for the Internet Age, 19 de abril de 2013. Disponible en <http://media.law.berkeley.edu/qtmedia/BCLT/2013copyright/Session6.mp3>.

The Greens y The European Free Alliance in the European Parliament (2011). Creation and Copyright in the Digital Era. Disponible en <http://www.greens-efa.eu/fileadmin/dam/Documents/Policy_papers/Creation_and_copyright_in_the_digital_era_EN.pdf>.

Turetzky, Matthew (2010). «Applying Copyright Abandonment in the Digital Age». Duke Law and Technology Review, 19. Disponible en <http://scholarship.law.duke.edu/cgi/viewcontent.cgi?article=1214&context=dltr>.

U.S. Copyright Office (2006). Report on Orphan Works. Disponible en <http://copyright.gov/orphan/orphan-report-full.pdf>.

U.S. Copyright Office (2011). Circular 15.ª: Duration of Copyright. Disponible en <http://www.copyright.gov/circs/circ15a.pdf>.

van Eechoud, Mireille, P. B. Hugenholtz, Stef van Gompel, Lucie Guibault y Natali Helberger (2012). Harmonizing European Copyright Law: The Challenges of Better Lawmaking. Amsterdam: Kluwer Law International.

van Gompel, Stef (2010). «Les formalités sont mortes,vive les formalités! Copyright Formalities and the Reasons for Their Decline in Nineteenth Century Europe». En R. Deazley, M. Kretschmer y L. Bently (eds.), Privilege and Property: Essays on the History of Copyright. Cambridge: Open Book Publishers. Disponible en <http://ssrn.com/abstract=1670676>.

van Gompel, Stef (2007). «Unlocking the Potential of Pre-Existing Content: How to Address the Issue of Orphan Works in Europe?». International Review of Intellectual Property and Competition Law, 38: 669-702.

van Gompel, Stef (2011). Formalities in Copyright Law. An Analysis of Their History, Rationales and Possible Future, Amsterdam: Kluwer Law International.

Vaver, David (1986). «The National Treatment Requirements of the Berne and Universal Copyright Conventions: Part 1». International Review of Industrial Property and Copyright Law, 17: 577-714.

von Lewinski, Silke (2008). International Copyright Law And Policy. Oxford: Oxford University Press.

von Lohmann, Fred (2013). Panel Discussion on Digital Ephemera and (Re)Formalizing © at the Berkeley Symposium: Reform(aliz)ing Copyright for the Internet Age, 18 de abril de 2013. Disponible en <http://media.law.berkeley.edu/qtmedia/BCLT/2013copyright/Session2.mp3>.