Que significa justificar o direito autoral?
Resumo
Na primeira seção de este artigo argumenta-se que o problema central do direito autoral consiste em resolver a tensão entre dois interesses: o interesse do titular de direitos autorais de controlar os usos de sua obra e o interesse do público de acessar a esta. Isto faz-se mostrando como esta tensão manifesta-se no conceito de autor e no conceito de domínio público. Seguidamente, responde-se à denominada "objeção do cético". Por último, ao estabelecer as condições que deve cumprir uma teoría capaz de justificar o direito autoral, se oferece uma estratégia para resolver a tensão identificada no princípio deste trabalho.Palavras-chave:
Direito autoral, filosofia do Direito, tensão, justificação, adjudicação.Referências
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Dworkin, Ronald (1975). «Hard cases». Harvad Law Review, 88: 1057-1109.
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Eisenstein, Elizabeth (1980). The Printing Press as an agent of change. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Fisk, Catherine (2003). «Authors at work: The origins of the work-for-hire doctrine». Yale Journal of Law & the Humanities, 15 (1): 1-70.
Fuller, Lon (1958). «Positivism and fidelity of law: A reply to professor Hart». Harvard Law Review, 71: 630-672.
Ginsburg, Jane (1988-1989). «French Copyright Law: A comparative overview». Journal of the Copyright Society of the USA, 36: 269-285.
Ginsburg, Jane (1990). «A tale of two copyrights: Literary property in Revolutionary France and America». Tulane Law Review, 64 (5): 991-1031.
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Habermas, Jürgen (1990). «Discourse ethics: Notes on a program of philosophical justification». En Moral consciousness and communicative action (pp. 43-115). Cambridge, Massachussets: MIT Press.
Hughes, Justin (2011). «A short history of intellectual property in relation to copyright». Cardozo Law Review, 33: 1293-1340.
Jaszi, Peter (1991). «Towards a theory of copyright: The metamorphoses of ‘authorship’». Duke Law Journal, 2: 455-502.
Kennedy, Walter B. (1936). «Functional nonsense and the trascendental approach». Fordham Law Review, 548: 272-300.
Lessig, Lawrence (2009). El código 2.0. Madrid: Traficantes de Sueños.
Litman, Jessica (1990). «The public domain». Emory Law Journal, 39 (4): 965-1023.
May, Christopher y Susan Sell (2006). Intellectual property rights: A critical history. Boulder y Londres: Lynne Rienner Publishers.
Mirosevic, Camilo (2007). «Origen y evolución del derecho de autor con especial referencial derecho chileno». Revista de Derecho (Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso), 28: 35-82.
Mossoff, Adam (2007). «Who cares what Thomas Jefferson thought about patents? Reevaluating the patent privilege in historical context». Cornell Law Review, 92: 953-1012.
Patry, William (1996). «The failure of the american copyright system: Protecting the idle rich». Notre Dame Law Review, 72: 907-933.
Rose, Mark (2003). «Nine-tenths of the law: The English copyright debates and the rhetoric of the public domain». Law and Contemporary Problems, 66 (1): 75-87.
Rothchild, John (2006). «The social costs of technological protection measures». Florida State University Law Review, 34: 1181-1220.
Singer, Joseph (1988). «Legal realism now: A review of ‘Legal realism at Yale: 1927-1960’ by Laura Kalman». California Law Review, 76: 467-1377.
Simmons, A. John (1999). «Justification and legitimacy». Ethics, 109 (4): 739-771.
Waldron, Jeremy (1999). Law and disagreement. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Waldron, Jeremy (2000). «‘Trascendental nonsense’ and system in the law». Columbia Law Review, 100 (16): 16-53.
Walker Echenique, Elisa (2014). Manual de propiedad intelectual. Santiago: Legal Publishing.
Weinrib, Ernst (1995). The idea of private law. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
Winner, Langdon (1980). «Do artifacts have politics?» Daedalus, 121-136.
Woodmansee, Martha (1984). «The genius and the copyright: Economic and legal conditions of the emergence of the author». Eighteenth Century Studies, 17 (4): 425-448.
Benkler, Yochai (2006). The wealth of networks: How social production transforms markets and freedoms. New Haven, Connecticut: Yale University Press.
Boyle, James (2003). «The second enclosure movement and the construction of the public domain». Law and Contemporary Problems, 66 (1): 33-74.
Cerda Silva, Alberto (2013). «Una excepción a los derechos de autor para la comunicación pública de obras por pequeñas y medianas empresas». Revista de Derecho (Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso), 40: 75-100.
Cohen, Felix (1935). «Trascendental nonsense and the functional approach». Columbia Law Review, 35 (6): 82-115.
Commitee on Intellectual Property Rights and the Emerging Information Infrastructure (2000). The digital dilemma: Intellectual property in the information age. Washington: National Academy Press.
Cotter, Thomas (1997-1998). «Pragmatism, economics and the droit moral». North Carolina Law Review, 76 (1): 2-96.
Delacroix, Sylvie (2006). Legal norms and normativity: An essay in genealogy. Oxford y Portland, Oregon: Hart Publishing.
Dworkin, Ronald (1975). «Hard cases». Harvad Law Review, 88: 1057-1109.
Dworkin, Ronald (1978). Taking rights seriously. Cambridge, Massachusetts: Harvard University Press.
Eisenstein, Elizabeth (1980). The Printing Press as an agent of change. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Fisk, Catherine (2003). «Authors at work: The origins of the work-for-hire doctrine». Yale Journal of Law & the Humanities, 15 (1): 1-70.
Fuller, Lon (1958). «Positivism and fidelity of law: A reply to professor Hart». Harvard Law Review, 71: 630-672.
Ginsburg, Jane (1988-1989). «French Copyright Law: A comparative overview». Journal of the Copyright Society of the USA, 36: 269-285.
Ginsburg, Jane (1990). «A tale of two copyrights: Literary property in Revolutionary France and America». Tulane Law Review, 64 (5): 991-1031.
Ginsburg, Jane (2002). «How copyright got a bad name for itself». Columbia Journal of Law & Arts, 26: 61-71.
Habermas, Jürgen (1990). «Discourse ethics: Notes on a program of philosophical justification». En Moral consciousness and communicative action (pp. 43-115). Cambridge, Massachussets: MIT Press.
Hughes, Justin (2011). «A short history of intellectual property in relation to copyright». Cardozo Law Review, 33: 1293-1340.
Jaszi, Peter (1991). «Towards a theory of copyright: The metamorphoses of ‘authorship’». Duke Law Journal, 2: 455-502.
Kennedy, Walter B. (1936). «Functional nonsense and the trascendental approach». Fordham Law Review, 548: 272-300.
Lessig, Lawrence (2009). El código 2.0. Madrid: Traficantes de Sueños.
Litman, Jessica (1990). «The public domain». Emory Law Journal, 39 (4): 965-1023.
May, Christopher y Susan Sell (2006). Intellectual property rights: A critical history. Boulder y Londres: Lynne Rienner Publishers.
Mirosevic, Camilo (2007). «Origen y evolución del derecho de autor con especial referencial derecho chileno». Revista de Derecho (Pontificia Universidad Católica de Valparaíso), 28: 35-82.
Mossoff, Adam (2007). «Who cares what Thomas Jefferson thought about patents? Reevaluating the patent privilege in historical context». Cornell Law Review, 92: 953-1012.
Patry, William (1996). «The failure of the american copyright system: Protecting the idle rich». Notre Dame Law Review, 72: 907-933.
Rose, Mark (2003). «Nine-tenths of the law: The English copyright debates and the rhetoric of the public domain». Law and Contemporary Problems, 66 (1): 75-87.
Rothchild, John (2006). «The social costs of technological protection measures». Florida State University Law Review, 34: 1181-1220.
Singer, Joseph (1988). «Legal realism now: A review of ‘Legal realism at Yale: 1927-1960’ by Laura Kalman». California Law Review, 76: 467-1377.
Simmons, A. John (1999). «Justification and legitimacy». Ethics, 109 (4): 739-771.
Waldron, Jeremy (1999). Law and disagreement. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Waldron, Jeremy (2000). «‘Trascendental nonsense’ and system in the law». Columbia Law Review, 100 (16): 16-53.
Walker Echenique, Elisa (2014). Manual de propiedad intelectual. Santiago: Legal Publishing.
Weinrib, Ernst (1995). The idea of private law. Cambridge: Harvard University Press.
Winner, Langdon (1980). «Do artifacts have politics?» Daedalus, 121-136.
Woodmansee, Martha (1984). «The genius and the copyright: Economic and legal conditions of the emergence of the author». Eighteenth Century Studies, 17 (4): 425-448.
