Un enfoque realista para las formalidades del derecho de autor

Autores/as

  • Michael W. Carroll American University, Washington College of Law

Resumen

Rechazando la historia convencional de que las formalidades en el derecho de autor fueron abolidas por el Convenio de Berna, este artículo demuestra que los sistemas de formalidades administrados privadamente juegan un papel importante, a nivel mundial, en la administración del derecho de autor. Efectivamente, deben hacerlo, porque el derecho de autor está diseñado para ser el soporte de una estructura de transacciones, que requiere que los titulares —en búsqueda de atraer socios de licencias— se sometan a algún paso formal para identificarse a ellos mismos y a las obras en las que tengan un interés jurídico o de usufructo. Analizando el escenario de los sistemas de formalidades públicos y privados, tanto obligatorios como voluntarios, este artículo sostiene que: 1) en virtud del Convenio de Berna, los gobernantes nacionales conservan una mayor autoridad política para imponer ciertos requisitos formales en los titulares, que la sostenida por aquellos con una comprensión formalista de las formalidades públicas; 2) los sistemas privados de formalidades son amplios y de gran importancia económica, pero en muchos casos no son interoperables entre sí, ni con registros voluntarios u otros sistemas voluntarios de formalidades públicas; y 3) las autoridades deben utilizar una combinación de enfoques para mejorar el funcionamiento de los sistemas de formalidades tanto públicos como privados, promoviendo o requiriendo transparencia, eficiencia e interoperabilidad en su diseño y administración.

Palabras clave:

Derecho de autor, formalidades, Convenio de Berna, Estados Unidos

Biografía del autor/a

Michael W. Carroll, American University, Washington College of Law

Professor of Law and the Director of the Program on Information Justice and Intellectual Property    

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